Patellofemoral

Early Postoperative Rapid Rehabilitation Yields More Favorable Short-term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Patellar Realignment Surgery for Recurrent Patellar Dislocation

Background: Use of a rapid rehabilitation protocol for postoperative recovery after recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) has grad- ually gained attention; nonetheless, evidence of its safety and effectiveness is lacking.

MPFL reconstruction results in lower redislocation rates and higher functional outcomes than rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose: To determine the effect of early MPFL reconstruction versus rehabilitation on the rate of recurrent patellar dislocations and functional outcomes in skeletally mature patients with traumatic, first-time patellar dislocation.

Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for recurrent patellar dislocation allows a good rate to return to sport

Purpose: Recurrent patellar dislocation is a frequent knee disorders in young, active patients. Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR) can restore knee stability and function, but the rate of return to sports is less clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate rate of return to sport following treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation with isolated MPFLR.

Return to Sport After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: Patellar instability is frequently encountered in the athletic population. Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is a common strategy to treat recurrent patellar dislocation and demonstrates good clinical outcomes.

Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation for Bipolar Chondral Lesions in the Patellofemoral Compartment: Clinical Outcomes at a Mean 9 Years' Follow-up

Background: Treating bipolar chondral lesions in the patellofemoral (PF) compartment is a challenging problem. There are few reports available on the treatment of bipolar chondral lesions in the PF compartment.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and graft survivorship after autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) for the treatment of bipolar chondral lesions in the PF compartment.

Study design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods: The authors evaluated 58 patients who had ACI by a single surgeon for the treatment of symptomatic bipolar chondral lesions in the PF compartment between November 1995 and June 2014. All 58 patients (60 knees; mean age, 36.6 years) were included with a minimum 2-year follow-up. The mean ± SD sizes of the patellar and trochlear lesions were 5.6 ± 2.7 cm2 and 4.2 ± 2.8 cm2, respectively. Forty-two patients had osteotomy, as they had PF lateral maltracking, patellar instability, or tibiofemoral malalignment. Patients were evaluated with the modified Cincinnati Knee Rating Scale, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, visual analog scale, the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, and a patient satisfaction survey. Radiographs were evaluated with the Iwano classification.

Results: Overall, the survival rates were 83% and 79% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Of the 49 (82%) knees with retained grafts, all functional scores significantly improved postoperatively with a very high satisfaction rate (88%) at a mean 8.8 ± 4.2 years after ACI (range, 2-16 years). At the most recent follow-up, 28 of 49 successful knees were radiographically assessed (mean, 4.9 years; range, 2-17 years), with no increase of the Iwano classification in 26 knees. Outcomes for 11 patients were considered failures at a mean 2.9 years. Forty-two knees (70%) required a mean 1.0 subsequent surgical procedure. The primary reasons for chondroplasty were hypertrophy of the ACI graft (17; periosteum in 14, collagen membrane in 3), delamination of the ACI graft (5; periosteum in 4, collagen membrane in 1), and new chondral lesions (3). The best survival rates were observed among patients who underwent ACI with concomitant tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) as the first procedure without previous failed TTO and/or marrow stimulation technique (91% at 5 and 10 years), while the worst survival rates were observed among patients who had previous marrow stimulation (43% at 5 and 10 years).

Conclusion: Results demonstrated that ACI with concomitant osteotomy, when it is necessary for the treatment of bipolar/kissing lesions in the PF compartments, gives significant improvement in pain and function, with good survival rates at 5 and 10 years (83% and 79%, respectively). The high patient satisfaction rate is encouraging, and a high survival rate can be expected when ACI with a concomitant TTO is performed at the initial surgery for this difficult condition.

Keywords: articular; autologous chondrocyte implantation; bipolar/kissing; cartilage; patella; patellofemoral; repair; trochlea.

Return to Play After Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review

Background: Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is being performed more frequently in athletes experiencing recurrent patellar instability.

Reliable improvements in participation in low-impact sports following implantation of a patellofemoral inlay arthroplasty at mid-term follow-up

Purpose: The aim of this study was, to investigate the rate of return to sports (RTS) and physical activity after implantation of PFIA and to identify factors predictive of improved postoperative sporting ability.

Medial Patellofemoral LigamentReconstruction in SkeletallyImmature Patients

Background: Given the proximity of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) femoral insertion to the distal femoral physisin skeletally immature patients, multiple techniques for femoral graft fixation have been described.

Patellofemoral Stabilization: Postoperative Redislocation and Risk Factors Following Surgery.

Background: Patellofemoral instability is a common knee problem that is difficult to manage owing to its multifactorial etiology as well as the fact that predisposing pathoanatomic features vary from individual to individual. There is limited knowledge regarding the demographic and pathoanatomic risk factors or the relationship between these risk factors and the redislocation rate after surgical stabilization for this challenging condition.

Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Patellar Instability Regardless of Tibial Tubercle-Trochlear Groove Distance and Patellar Height: Outcomes at 1 and 2 Years.

Purpose: To report 1- and 2-year outcomes of patients after isolated MPFL reconstruction performed for patellar instability regardless of patellar height, tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, or trochlear dysplasia.

Isolated medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction significantly improved quality of life in patients with recurrent patella dislocation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the improvement in quality of life (QoL) following isolated anatomical double-bundle medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction.

Anteromedial Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy Improves Results of Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Recurrent Patellar Instability in Patients With Tibial Tuberosity-Trochlear Groove Distance of 17 to 20 mm.

Purpose: To compare the midterm clinical outcomes of anteromedialization tibial tubercle osteotomy combined with medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (TTO+MPFLR) with MPFLR alone (MPFLRa) for the treatment of recurrent patellar instability (RPI) in patients with a tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) of 17 to 20 mm.

Recurrence of Patellar Instability in Adolescents Undergoing Surgery for Osteochondral Defects Without Concomitant Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: First-time patellar dislocation with an associated chondral or osteochondral loose body is typically treated operatively to address the loose fragment. The incidence of recurrent instability in this patient population if the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is not reconstructed is unknown.

Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation and Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy for Patellofemoral Chondral Defects: Improved Pain Relief and Occupational Outcomes Among US Army Servicemembers.

Background: The occupational and functional results of patellofemoral autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) are underreported. This investigation sought to establish clinical outcomes and rates for return to work in a predominantly high-demand military cohort undergoing this procedure.